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Research on YOUTH in World

Constituting 18 per cent of the world’s population, today’s youth are a tremendous resource for national development. There is clear evidence of the determination of today’s youth for self-improvement and their commitment to improving the social, political and economic fabric of society through individual and group action. For example, young people in all regions are actively exploiting the Internet to improve their education, upgrade their skills and find jobs; youth are contributing to the global debate on major development and policy issues through participation in social action groups and other volunteer activities, and they are migrating in large numbers, sometimes risking their own lives and losing connections to families and friends, to find better options outside their national borders. Youth development in all world regions continues to be constrained by persistent obstacles at the community, national and international levels. Youth development entails actions and investments that enable youth to complete consistently and effectively the transition into adulthood and to take advantage of opportunities to develop and use their human capital in the process. Youth development requires that Governments and other stakeholders design and implement policies and programmes to protect young people from the negative social and environmental influences that can derail the transition into healthy adulthood. When societies provide adequate guidance and opportunities for youth to build their capacity to contribute to development by investing in their education, health, employment and sports and leisure activities, young people’s abilities and capabilities can be unleashed early, and their contribution to development can be realized. Progress and Challenges argues that to benefit from young people’s capabilities, societies must ensure that opportunities for youth to be engaged in development processes are nurtured and protected. Failure to do so can lead to the exclusion and marginalization of youth while depriving societies of their energy, dynamism and innovativeness. youth to contribute to the development of their societies can be constrained not only by lack of capacity among youth, but also by the limited opportunities for participation in development as the global economy and social and political institutions undergo major change. For this reason, there is a pressing need for policies that not only build youth potential, but also open doors to youth participation in areas such as employment, civic engagement, political participation and volunteerism. An enabling environment must be created to provide youth with opportunities to be heard and seen as active players on the development stage. In a review of key issues, opportunities and challenges for youth transitions in different world regions, the report finds that there are many unique aspects to the progress that youth have made and the challenges that they continue to face around the world. A common constraint everywhere, however, is the absence of an enabling environment for youth development and participation. Factors such as inadequate investments in education, high private costs of obtaining quality education and health care, and shrinking labour markets in which youth are often the last hired and first fired all present youth with real obstacles to meaningful participation in the development of their communities. In some regions, large numbers of youth have not attained the levels of education that would enable them to compete effectively in the labour market. In other regions, youth have attained high levels of education but cannot find jobs because of a mismatch between the knowledge and skills they have acquired and those needed in a changing labour market. In all regions, globalization and changing labour markets have caused opportunities in the labour market for youth to shrink. Youth living in poverty, youth living in rural areas, girls and young women, youth with disabilities, youth from ethnic minorities and youth who are refugees or who have been displaced by war or natural disasters have benefited less from progress in the region. As a result, these groups are likely to be excluded from household, community, and national decision-making processes.

The Research of Action recommended the following interventions to facilitate the achievement of this goal:
(a) Improving access to information in order to enable young people to make better use ofopportunities to participate in decision-making;
(b) Developing and/or strengthening opportunities for young people to learn their rights and responsibilities, promoting their social, political, developmental and environmental participation, removing obstacles that affect their full contribution to society and respecting, inter alia, freedom of association;
(c) Encouraging and promoting youth associations through financial, educational and technical support and promotion of their activities;
(d) Taking into account the contribution of youth in designing, implementing and evaluating national policies and plans affecting their concerns;
(e) Encouraging increased national, regional and international cooperation and exchange between youth organizations;
(f) Inviting Governments to strengthen the involvement of young people in international forums, inter alia, by considering the inclusion of youth representatives in their national delegations to the General Assembly.

Youth development, as defined in this report, entails actions and investments that enable young people to build and utilize their human capital and become productive adults. It isessential that Governments and other stakeholders design and implement policies and programmes to protect young people from negative social and environmental influences that can interfere with their progress towards healthy adulthood. To benefit from youth capabilities, societies must ensure that opportunities for youth engagement in development processes are nurtured and protected. The failure to do so can lead to the exclusion and marginalization of young people, depriving society of the energy, dynamism and innovative spirit.
Youth are not a homogeneous group; the challenges and opportunities affecting their lives are broadly similar but are characterized by important differences deriving from unique contextual circumstances. To avoid addressing issues in a manner suggesting greater global uniformity than actually prevails, this report adopts a regional approach.


Md. Jiaul Hoque Raju
Researcher, Author, Writer, Entrepreneur, Journalist, Analyst, Young Professional, Youth Action net Global Fellow & Founder of YOUTH